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Future Tenses

Los tiempos de futuro propiamente dichos son los siguientes:

1. Future Simple (también llamado ‘futuro de will’)

2. ‘Going to’ Future (también conocido como futuro inmediato, perifrástico o de intención)

Aparte de estos dos tiempos verbales, hemos de tener en cuenta los dos tiempos de presente, ya que éstos tienen valor de futuro en casos concretos y conviene estudiarlos dentro de este apartado:

3. Present Continuous

4. Present Simple

A esta división añadiremos dos tiempos de futuro que por su complejidad estudiaremos al final de este handout. Si no estás en 2º de Bachiller no tienes la obligación de conocerlos pues no forma parte del programa.

5. Future Perfect

6. Future Progressive (también conocido como Future Continuous)

1. Future Simple

¿Cómo se forma el Futuro simple de un verbo?

De manera muy sencilla. Utilizaremos el auxiliar will y detrás colocaremos el verbo principal en infinitivo sin to.

Como podemos observar con el auxiliar will podemos conjugar todo el futuro simple, no importa la persona. El uso de shall era obligado para las primeras personas (del singular y plural) hace unos años; sin embargo eso ha cambiado y su utilización ha quedado relegada a casos muy concretos, como veremos a continuación.

Sintácticamente, la estructura de la oración en futuro simple no presenta ninguna complicación. Sólo tendremos que tener en cuenta que el auxiliar de futuro simple es will y que, a continuación, el verbo principal irá en infinitivo. El auxiliar aparece en afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.

• Predicciones:

It will rain tomorrow

Si la predicción estuviera basada en grandes indicios utilizaríamos el futuro de ‘going to’:

It is going to rain tomorrow.

También se prefiere el future simple cuando la frase empieza por I think, o lleva el adverbio probably:

I think that he will come next Sunday

He will probably pass this subject

• Decisiones tomadas en el momento de hablar:

(Suena el teléfono) I’ll answer —- Yo contesto

Do you know Mary has had a baby?

No, I don’t. I’ll visit her in a few days.

Sin embargo, si la respuesta fuera afirmativa implicaría que cualquier decisión estaría tomada de antemano y, por consiguiente, tendríamos que utilizar el futuro de ‘going to’

Do you know Mary has had a baby?

Yes, I do. I’m going to visit her in a few days.

• Promesas y amenazas:

I’ll pay you tomorrow

Do that again and I’ll kill you

• 1st conditional

If I pass every subject, my parents will buy me a motorbike

• Ofrecimientos personales (will/shall)

• 1. Directos: I’ll open the door for you
  2. Indirectos: Shall I open the door for you?
• Sugerencias (shall):

Shall we go to the cinema? =  Why don’t we go to the cinema = Let’s go to the cinema

2. ‘Going to’ Future

¿Cómo se forma el futuro de ‘going to’?

Con el presente del verbo to be, como auxiliar, y going to seguido de infinitivo:

Resulta más que conveniente recordar los nombres que tradicionalmente ha recibido este tiempo verbal en castellano:

• Futuro inmediato: Hace referencia a las predicciones a corto plazo.

(Hay nubarrones en el cielo) It is going to rain

• Futuro de intención: Se trata de decisiones tomadas de antemano, es decir, acciones programadas.

I’m going to write a letter to my friends in London

3.      Presente Continuo con valor de futuro

Una oración en presente contínuo tiene valor de futuro si lleva una expresión de futuro o la idea de futuro queda implícita en el contexto

I am meeting Susan this evening

They are travelling to France next month

Como se puede observar, se trata de acciones programadas, que tienen lugar en un futuro no muy lejano. Equivaldría en español al uso del presente simple con una expresión de futuro.

Veo a Susan esta noche

Viajan a Francia el mes que viene

4.         Presente Simple con valor de futuro

El uso de este tiempo con valor de futuro se ciñe al horario de los transportes públicos:

The train leaves at 9:30

What time does the coach arrive in Victoria Station?

De manera muy formal podría utilizarse con el mismo valor que el presente continuo con valor de futuro. De esa manera expresarían las acciones programadas en la agenda de la Reina de Inglaterra:

The Queen opens a new hospital tomorrow at 10:30

5.      Futuro Continuo

Se refiere a una acción que estará en pleno desarrollo en el futuro. Al igual que ocurría en el pasado continuo, la expresión de futuro ha de ser concreta:

Tomorrow at 11:30 I will be watching TV

COMPÁRESE CON

Yesterday at 11:30 I was sleeping

En estos casos la traducción más apropiada es la literal estare, -ás, -á …+ gerundio

6. Futuro Perfecto

Describe una acción que se acabará en el futuro. También en este caso la traducción literal resulta apropiada, habré, -ás, -á, … + participio de pasado:

In 2 weeks’ time I will have finished the project

Dentro de 2 semanas habré acabado el proyecto

EXERCISES

Will:   Enunciativas afirmativas     Enunciativas negativas     Interrogativas
Going to: Enunciativas afirmativas Enunciativas negativas Interrrogativas
Futuro Contínuo: Enunciativa afirmativa
Futuro Perfecto
Ejercicio con mezcla de tiempos de futuro 1
Ejercicio con mezcla de tiempos de futuro 2

Ringo Starr’s cover of Hoyt Axton and David Jackson’s “No No Song” was included on his 1974 album Goodnight Vienna. It was a number-three hit in the US. The song describes progressive attempts to sell Colombian marijuana, Spanish cocaine and Tennessean moonshine to a recovered addict who refuses it all. (Wikipedia)

(On Adrian’s request, 4 ESO A)

AC/DC are an Australian rock band formed in 1973 by brothers Malcolm and Angus Young. Although the band are commonly classified as hard rock and are considered a pioneer of heavy metal,[1][2] they have always classified their music as rock and roll.[3]
AC/DC underwent several line-up changes before releasing their first album, High Voltage, in 1975. Membership remained stable until bassist Mark Evans was replaced by Cliff Williams in 1977 for the album Powerage. The band recorded their highly successful album Highway to Hell in 1979. Lead singer and co-songwriter Bon Scott died on 19 February 1980, after a night of heavy alcohol consumption. The group briefly considered disbanding, but soon ex-Geordie singer Brian Johnson was selected to replace Scott. Later that year, the band released their best-selling album, Back in Black. READ MORE
Spanish Wikipedia

Leonard Albert “Lenny” Kravitz (born May 26, 1964) is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and arranger whose “retro” style incorporates elements of rock, soul, funk, reggae, hard rock, psychedelic, folk and ballads.
In addition to singing lead and backing vocals, Kravitz often plays all the guitar, bass, drums, keyboards, and percussion himself when recording. He is known for his elaborate stage performances and music videos. Kravitz has had multiple number 1 hits on the US Top Singles Charts, though none by himself on the Hot 100, and many more worldwide. He won the Grammy Award for “Best Male Rock Vocal Performance” four years in a row from 1999 to 2002, breaking the record for most wins in that category and most consecutive wins in one category. He has been nominated and won other awards, namely American Music Awards, MTV Video Music Awards, Radio Music Awards, BRIT Awards and Blockbuster Entertainment Awards. READ MORE
Spanish Wikipedia

THE SONG

“Are You Gonna Go My Way” is the first single to be released by Lenny Kravitz from the album of the same name. It was released in March 1993. It was written by Lenny Kravitz and Craig Ross. The single has been covered by numerous artists, such as Metallica, in a medley for “MTV Hits” at the 2003 MTV Music Video Awards, Tom Jones and Robbie Williams on Jones’ 1999 album Reload and Melanie Brown in her solo section, on the Spice Girls Reunion Tour. Serbian hard rock band Cactus Jack recorded a version on their live cover album DisCover in 2002. A remixed version is played as the opening theme song in Gran Turismo 3. The song is featured in Guitar Hero: World Tour, it is available as downloadable content for the Rock Band series, and it is a playable song in Guitar Hero: On Tour Decades. It ranked #78 on VH1’s 100 Greatest Songs of the 90s. READ MORE

VIDEO OFICIAL CON TRADUCCIÓN AL CASTELLANO

Gerry & the Pacemakers were a British rock and roll group prominent during the 1960s. In common with The Beatles, they came from Liverpool and were managed by Brian Epstein. They are most remembered for being the first act to reach number one in the UK Singles Chart with their first three single releases.[2] It was a record that was not equalled for 20 years, until the mid-80s success of fellow Liverpool band Frankie Goes to Hollywood. They are the second most successful group from Liverpool to hit the U.S. pop charts behind the Beatles.

History

Gerry Marsden formed the group in 1959 with his brother, Fred, Les Chadwick and Arthur McMahon. They rivalled the Beatles early in their career, playing in the same areas of Hamburg, Germany and Liverpool, England. McMahon (known as Arthur Mack) was replaced on piano by Les Maguire around 1961. They are known to have rehearsed at Cammell Laird shipping yard at Birkenhead. The band’s original name was The Mars-Bars but were forced to change after the Mars Candy Company found this out and threatened legal action.
The band was the second to sign with Brian Epstein, who later signed them with Columbia Records (a sister label to The Beatles’ label Parlophone under EMI). They began recording in early 1963 with “How Do You Do It?”, a song written by Mitch Murray that Adam Faith had turned down and one that The Beatles chose not to release (they did record the song but insisted on releasing their own song “Love Me Do”). The song was produced by George Martin and became a number one hit in the UK, until being replaced at the top by “From Me to You”, The Beatles’ third single.
Gerry & The Pacemakers’ next two singles, Murray’s “I Like It” and Rodgers and Hammerstein’s “You’ll Never Walk Alone“, both also reached number one in the UK Singles Chart, the latter recorded instead of the Beatles’ “Hello Little Girl”, which went on to become the first hit for The Fourmost. “You’ll Never Walk Alone” had been a favourite of Gerry Marsden’s since seeing Carousel growing up. It soon became the signature tune of Liverpool Football Club. To this day, the song remains a football anthem, there and elsewhere, a phenomenon due to Gerry Marsden, rather than its Broadway composers.
Despite this early success, Gerry & The Pacemakers never had another number one single in the UK. Gerry Marsden began writing most of their own songs, including “It’s Gonna Be All Right”, “I’m the One”, and “Ferry Cross the Mersey”, as well as their first and biggest U.S. hit, “Don’t Let the Sun Catch You Crying”, which peaked at #4, and which Gerry Marsden initially gave to Decca recording artist Louise Cordet in 1963. She recorded the song (Decca F11824), but without commercial success. They also starred in an early 1965 film called Ferry Cross the Mersey (sometimes referred to as “Gerry & The Pacemakers’ version of A Hard Day’s Night”), for which Marsden wrote much of the soundtrack. The title song was revived in 1989 as a charity single for an appeal in response to the Hillsborough football crowd disaster, giving Marsden - in association with other Liverpool stars, including Paul McCartney and Frankie Goes to Hollywood’s Holly Johnson - another British number one.
In the U.S., they were signed by the small New York independent record label Laurie in 1963, with whom they issued four singles during 1963 without success (as listed below). When The Beatles broke through in January, 1964, Laurie’s next regular single release of “Don’t Let The Sun Catch You Crying” became a big hit and during 1964 Laurie coupled “How Do You Do It?” with “You’ll Never Walk Alone” (Laurie 3261) and “I Like It” with “Jambalaya” (Laurie 3271) with some success.
By late 1965, their popularity was rapidly declining on both sides of the Atlantic. They disbanded in October 1966, with much of their latter recorded material never released in the UK.
Drummer Freddie Marsden died on 9 December 2006, age 66.

From Wikipedia
Spanish Wikipedia

The lyrics with Liverpool FC badge in the background.

With Spanish Subtitles

“Paint It Black” is a song by The Rolling Stones. The song was released as the first and only single from their fourth album Aftermath (1966).
The song was written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, though Brian Jones contributed to the song’s signature riff. Bill Wyman claims in his books that the song was a collective effort of the group, a ‘Nanker-Phelge’ one, but mistakenly credited to Jagger/Richards at the end.
The single reached number one in both the U.S. and the U.K. charts in 1966. In 2004 it was ranked #174 on Rolling Stone magazine’s list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.
The song title is most often given as “Paint It Black” without the comma. This variant has appeared on some reissues and compilations. Richards has stated that the song was not intended to have a comma in its title, and that it was added by the record label.[1] READ MORE
Spanish Wikipedia

A few years later…

This song was basically written by Paul McCartney, with a little help from John Lennon. It didn’t do too well in the charts, or at least as well as Brian Epstein expected. In the Uk charts it didn’t go higher than #17. In the USA Capitol Records even refused to released this song as a single and it was not until 1964, after Beatlemania erupted, that it was published as a single and, of course, reached #1 in the American Top 40.

(Jesús Seller Vidal)

With Spanish subtitles

PS I LOVE YOU

It was released as the side B to Love Me Do. This is also a McCartney song. Ringo was replaced in the drums because Martin didn’t think his playing satisfactory.

The Specials (sometimes called The Special AKA) are an English 2 Tone ska revival band formed in 1977 in Coventry, England.[1] Their music combined a “danceable ska and rocksteady beat with punk’s energy and attitude”, and had a “more focused and informed political and social stance” than other ska groups. The group was formed by songwriter/keyboardist Jerry Dammers, with Terry Hall (vocals), Lynval Golding (guitar, vocals) and a rhythm section. The band wore mod-style “1960s period rude-boy outfits (porkpie hats, tonic and mohair suits, and loafers).”[2] In 1979, the song “Too Much Too Young”, the lead track on their The Special AKA Live! EP, reached number one in the UK.[3] In 1981, the unemployment-themed single “Ghost Town” single also hit number one in the UK Singles Chart.[1] Their music is featured in film and television soundtracks. After seven consecutive UK Top 10 singles between 1979 and 1981, the band broke up.[1] In 2008, it was announced that the band would reform and embark on a 30th anniversary tour in 2009.[4] READ MORE
Spanish Wikipedia

The studio version with lyrics. If you want to see the official video click on the photo above.

As you can see they still rock in the 21st century

Hace la friolera de 71 años que se estrenó esta obra maestra, punto de referencia ineludible de lo que se ha dado en llamar cine del oeste. Muchos piensan que después de esta película el western empezó a ser tomado en serio. Fue dirigida por John Ford, uno de los grandes maestros de Hollywood. Está considerado como uno de los directores más influyentes del cine de Hollywood, y eso es lo mismo que decir del cine mundial. Sirva como ejemplo que, el mismísimo director de “El Padrino”, Francis Ford Coppola, lleva el segundo nombre en su honor, y que el genial Orson Welles, cuando le preguntaron por sus tres directores favoritos contesto que John Ford, John Ford y John Ford.

Karen Carpenter would be 60 years old today. We will always miss her. Let’s listen to one of her biggest hits with her brother Richard.